HYPERTENSION
Hypertension or high blood pressure is a condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is chronically elevated. With every heart beat, the heart pumps blood through the arteries to the rest of the body. Blood pressure is the force of blood that is pushing up against the walls of the blood vessels. If the pressure is too high, the heart has to work harder to pump, and this could lead to organ damage. The normal level for blood pressure is below 120/80. Blood pressure between 120/80 and 139/89 is called prehypertension (to denote increased risk of hypertension), and a blood pressure of 140/90 or above is considered hypertension. Smoking, obesity, diabetes, lack of physical activity, insufficient calcium potassium and magnesium consumption, High levels of alcohol consumption, stress, aging, genetics and a family history of hypertension are the causes of hypertension. Extremely high blood pressure may lead to some symptoms such as severe headaches, problems with vision, breathing problems, irregular heartbeat, blood in the urine, nausea. Hypertension may be diagnosed by a health professional who measures blood pressure with a device called a sphygmomanometer - the device with the arm cuff, dial, pump, and valve. The systolic and diastolic numbers will be recorded and compared to a chart of values. If the pressure is greater than 140/90, you will be considered to have hypertension. High blood pressure may be treated medically, by changing lifestyle factors, or a combination of the two. Important lifestyle changes include losing weight, quitting smoking, eating a healthful diet, reducing sodium intake, exercising regularly.
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